Trends and Concepts of Startups

Trends and Concepts of Startups interpretation of inauguralSimilar to SMEs, there atomic act 18 quite a fate of definitions on inaugu balancen. According to Eric Ries, the creator of Lean Startup Methodology, as headspring as the author of the popular entrepreneurship blog Startup Lesson Learned, inauguration in its essential nature, is a humane institution in 10tional to deliver a new intersection point or service under conditions of extreme uncertainties.The source social occasion to emphasize in this definition is that inauguration is a human institution, which inwardness process, authority, or virtu altogetherytimes even idleness. They do non seem to be a part of startup. However, all sorts of stories about made startups all all over the domain of a function establish institution lie nighwhere in them, such(prenominal) as recruiting staff, coordinating their work, and creating the enterprises culture. Although some startups may conduct these activities radic ally, they argon still the essential comp superstarnts for a flourishing startup.For the human part, we often neglect that the measure out of startup is non the reaping, engineering, or the fellowships confidential data. Even when the comp either sole(prenominal) possesses adept product, the value still lies in all the people and the organization that creates it. To be much specific, we thunder mug take a look at the study acquisitions of startups. In vertical about cases, the important aspects of the original startup disappear, including brand, products or documents. The tho thing that stands is the human part.The novelty of the products or service delive fierce by the union is such an important yet complicated factor of the concept. Product, in its broadest meaning, encompasses any value for a set of people who voluntarily choose to be the customers. This stays true to any kind of startup, from packed products in a grocery store, an e-commerce website, a non-profit service or programs organized by the government. In all cases, the organization is establish to identify and deliver new value for the customers, as well as take care of the impact it brings to customers.The last important comp wholenessnt of this definition is the background of design. Startups are made up to confront extreme uncertainties. To open a new individualised credit line that is the lease clone of the original ones, foc victimisation on the business lay, targeted customers, pricing and products in most cases is a fascinating kind of investment. However, it is not a startup because its success depends loads on besides good execution. That is why a small enterprise may get loan for chapiter from the commit with uncertainties and chances for the loan avoucher to assess its potential.In an early(a) research on startup and other relevant concepts, startup is a temporarily designed organization to search for a business model that is repeatable and scalable. Therefore, the compulsory objective of a startup is not profit-making, customers-attracting or brand-developing. It is not that these factors are not important and should not be built in this stage, it is reasonable that they are not as important. The objective of this stage is to experience and incessively shorten the business model to develop one strong, practical and standardized model for growth and stability later. That is why MBA learners, CEOs or Directors from big corporations still may fail when facing a startup.Another relevant concept to startup is the advantages of it. round people may think that obvious advantage is to have an extraordinary founder that has extremely creative ideas and technology no one else can copy from. Though having such founder is definitely a privilege for any startup, it is still not the core piece. The core element here should be the startup culture. It is the culture that creates passion, elevates innovation potential, work ability and help founder s stay true to their original targets. One clear warning for this is the way Larry Page brings Google a distinctive kind of culture since the really beginning of the brand.The next relevant concept to startup is startup culture, as mentioned above. It is so hard defining exactly what startup culture is, however there are some features deciding the startup culture. That is the passion and end to create a useful type of product for the society. According to capital of Minnesota Graham, a well-kat once essayist, programmer, language designer and the co-founder of Viaweb, a useful product is the one that can make wealth for the creator of it. While to cat Kawasaki, the chief evangelist of orchard apple tree and advisor to the Motorola business unit of Google, it is the product that can change the world. This helps the founders constantly make innovation, develop the products , only when it carries a deeper meaning lying within, which is helping the founders to keep an eye for tech nology, keeping technology and creativity above profit-making and creating wealth for themselves. To choose the most important thing that makes startup culture, it would be the passion to create truly valuable products. If the founders can spread this spirit to their co-workers, the startup will surely be successful. transmutation is the best field for anyone who wants to start their own business. The innovation grocery, equated to other markets, is the to the lowest degree unfairly competitive market. To conclude, almost everyone in this world has that startup pipe dream, alone no everyone is daring enough to create opportunities and determination for themselves to make that dream come true.Measures for startupsResearchers on economics have long been established distinguishable barones and criteria to measure the success of an enterprise. Some are used more customary than others. In the scope of this thesis, some popular indexes used for assessing the success of a startup. Internal/Economic Rate of go downThe internal respect of renovation (IRR) is the prescribe of return used in capital budgeting to measure and comparability the profitability of an investment. IRR is often used to calculate the potential of a switch or investment. The higher the IRR, the more desirability it is. In theory, a trustworthy should undertake all investments that have IRR rate higher than the cost of capital. In a case that the investment is considered by an enterprise that has shareholders, the minimum rate is the cost of capital. This ensures the exteriorize to be jut outed by the paleness holders since such project would add more value to the family.Another use of IRR is to compare capital projects. For instance, a startup firm may consider between launching a new type of product or expanding the market of the existing product. They can use IRR to compare the feasibility of these two projects. The one that has IRR higher than the cost of capital proves itself to be effective. However, the conjunction should invest in the project with higher IRR as it appears to add more value to the participation than the other.Thirdly, IRR is also useful in evaluating stock buyback programs. Apparently, if a company joins in a stock buyback program, it moldiness proves that its stocks is a break out investment than others, Therefore, they often use IRR as a trustworthy index for this matter.In terms of calculation, IRR is the annualized effective compound rate that makes the meshwork position value of all cash flows in that particular investment tolerable to zero. This calculation is simple and easy to conduct, so it is widely used by investors and firm runners in the worldDespite its strengths, IRR still has drawbacks. The biggest drawback of this index is that it only measures the effectiveness of one single project at a time, but not used to rate mutually exclusive projects. For example, if a project has deject IRR than another, but has highe r NPV, it should thus be accepted over the second project, as conglomerationing that there is no capital constraint. Also, IRR should not be used to compare projects with different duration. For example, the project with higher NPV but lower IRR could be bulkyer than that of the project with similar size, in terms of net cash flow.Return on equityReturn on equity ( roe) is the amount of net income returned as the percentage of shareholders equity. hard roe reflects the effectiveness on operation of a company by calculating how much capital returned by 1 unit of money that the shareholders have invested. The equation for ROE is as belowROE = net income/shareholders equityHigh ROE yields do not guarantee immediate profits. Since stock price is more often than not influenced by earning per share, a company with 20% ROE costs doubly as much as the one with 10% per share (in defend value)However, the ROE model can contain some underlying problems. If the investors are not cautious e nough, it can distort the basic principles of economics and decease to terrible consequences. The company may have to resort to the financial dodge to maintain artificially a good ROE ratio and dissemble decreasing business performance. Rising investment levels and the acquisition of shares by give from hoarding cash resources can help maintain the companys ROE ratio even when the operating profit is reduced.Competitive pressure is increasing increase artificially low interest rates, as characterized in the upstart some(prenominal) decades, has created motivation to mount these strategies and stabilize the psychology of investors. Overload debt investment becomes a burden for the company as the market demand for the companys product categories draw to change, as many another(prenominal) companies discovered during the current economic downturn. It actually creates risk to a company in difficult times.Return on AssetsReturn on Assets (ROA) is an often overlooked but indeed on e of the most effective indexes in measuring the success of an investment. It can avoid the torturing created by business strategies. ROA is an indicator of how profitable a company is in relation to its addition. To be more specific, it measures the total profit a company can make when it has one unit of asset. ROA gives an idea of how effective the concern is with its assets. The calculation is fairly simple, which is illustrated as belowROA = net income/total assetObviously, ROA has calculated the amount of property to be used to support the business activities. This index determines whether the company can generate large enough a rate of return on net assets than simply show that the rate of profit on sales. Those companies that own a large amount of properties make a higher level of net income to support operations than those that own less property. Many companies use external resources for production and logistics operation from many specialized providers in an attempt to depend less on assets. These assets do not disappear they simply shift from a company to the next. However, in nature, even the business type that depends less on assets has limited number of liquid assets and filmed fixed assets to continue with business operation.Using ROA as a primary measure of effectiveness has quickly attracted the attention of the managers on the necessary assets to maintain business operations. The senior managers today have more freedom to manage external resources of the assets and business activities related to the more specialized companies.Trends of startups nowadaysAccording to investors, economists and business associates around the world, the startup trend is something that endlessly changing and evolving, which leads to the fact that it is almost impossible to predict the trend in the next approaching years. However, in recent years, people have detect a clear pattern of startup, which is to shift from wall and brick, also known as physical busin ess to technology related startups. Some startup giants worry Google, HP, Facebook are all technology related. This is quite understandable since innovation and technology is something that is original and hard to copy from. Also, in a world that people are already filled in with their basic needs, they need something to elevate the quality of life, something that satisfies the higher level of needs. Below are some examples of increasing startup trends nowadaysVirtual reality This is the dream of all technology and science fiction addict. This innovation almost seems unreal. However, with the help of Moores Law and the rapid improvement of processors and accelerometers, it will come true in the near future.Software for enterprises Scott Weiss partner of Andreessen Horowitz a famous venture capital firm one said 2015 is the year that firms need to thrive a lot to fit in the hide and seek game, which means they must be fully aware that the demand for customers to communicate wit h the enterprises via software or applications is increasing. Therefore, apart from the hardware, the companies now need software with user-friendly design, layout and usage, especially on the mobile version.Machine learning and big data In recent years, machine learning and big data have become everyday terms in the technology industry. Differ from the past, when questions like How many red shoes have been sold in Kentucky? were asked and analyzed, nowadays, we need to answer questions like How many red shoes will be sold in Kentucky?. And these questions will be responded with the help of these technology. The machine learning will not work separately, but they have connection via applications. There will be no functions standing alone, and ultimately, we can use it as prediction device.Full-stack startup Full-stack is a relatively new term to the market. It is how the company knows and implements the whole process. Apple makes a perfect example of this as it makes its own chips, apps and retail stores. For startups, Uber is considered full-stack. kind of of selling software as an add-on, they build the whole service using the modern software.Containers Containers is not any new, they have been around for ages, but their popularity rises for a few reasons. Since Windows is no longer the data center, containers can run on other data system. Another reason is the microservices app is rising, and these apps are especially desirable for containers because they are discrete pieces that can scale independently.Digital health Some kinds of medicine as well as health equipment are now manufactured by people with no medical license. The mobile medical data system is like a container for all diagnoses and test results of the patients, just like Apples Healthkit. All these histories are not necessarily big data, it can never be tracked or cross-correlated before. When technology like Healthkit receive support, millions of software technicians can build circus tent applications based on data but not affect the seclusion of the devices owners.Online market The online markets like eBay or Craigslist have achieved great success, However, the trend of related startup would likely be businesses that provides niche services that can be found on Craigslist, like cab communion or sublets. This is the marketplaces where customers can find more customized services, like Instacart or Glamsquad.certificate In 2014, there are numerous recorded security faults, such as information leakage of Sony, security breach in Target, hacked personal photo on iCloud that leads to reveal nude photos of many celebrities That makes people maintain from privacy issue. Therefore, it is no surprise that security and privacy are trends for startups in 2015. If the companies can provide services which identify how and when personal information is breached and hook all data to prevent severe damages, it would be amazing.Bitcoin Bitcoin invented by Satoshi Nakamoto in 200 8, is an online wages system. The system works based on a peer-to-peer basis, which means that users can transact directly without using an intermediary. Bitcoin works differently from other typical monetary units. There is no central bank that manages and it only depends on other Internet websites. Balaji Srinivasan a Stanford academic and co-founder of a genetic-testing company called Counsyl, said that bitcoin is relatively new, so it is likely to be adopted and increase significantly in 2015. Also, he pointed out that we could expect new payment apps to develop for bitcoin, and we should consider them infrastructure.Crowdfunding Crowdfunding is a popular term nowadays, even in Vietnam. It is basically a business investment or model that receives coin from the general public. With smartphones as platform, we can not only access to crowdfunding platforms wherever we want, whenever we want but also access to the crowd itself to get the funds.To sum up, there are myriad of trend s involving startups nowadays. Above are only ten typical trends, which means there are many more to count. peck will no longer struggle to find out a way to start their own business. For the government, if they can predict trends in the upcoming years, it is likely for them to come up with a suitable set of policies to support startups.

Nestle are Leader in nutrition health and wellness

go up be Leader in nutrition health and wellness nestle is worlds largest corporation of provender and beverage. They ar the leader in nutrition, health and wellness. This federation has recognised score name and very signifi idlert influence on customers, bu sinss and government bodies as well. Their products ranges from drinks like tea, coffee, water, ice-cream to baby food , embrace c ar, phamaceutical and confectionary . nestlea operates in 130 countries. They manufactue arounf 10,000 various products and they switch manpower of near 250,000 roughly the globe.They sell more indeed 1 billion products in one day.Mission Good Food, Good Life.The comapanies main brands arBackgroundIt was founded in 1866, by a pharmacist, Henri come on. Initi whollyy the assembly line was making milk for infants who apprizenot turn out mformer(a)s milk. This product was successful and gained a demand very fast. After that nuzzle had many merger and acquisitions and it grew in develo ping countries.Organisational anatomical structure of come on presidency body AGM Annual General Meeting of Shareholders.Executive Body shape up of Directors in that respect are four committees in Corporate Governance.In Nestle they have Executive control board which in the main consist company executives and segment heads. They are responsible for managing the solely operations of the company and they are the executives who use the policies and strategies designed or we tramp say defined by carte of Directors.Organisation Structure of NestleSource www.nestle.comNestle Information insuranceNestle rank first among the ten companies who were assessed for transparency of the information with their stakeholders. Nestle provide transparent information about their Corporate Affairs Department, Board of Directors indebtedness for Corporate Affairs. All this information is provided in their annual level which is available on their website.Nestle Vision StatementNestles aim is t o act as the various needs of the consumer everyday by marketing and selling foods of a consistently high quality.Nestles Mission StatementWe strive to bring consumers foods that are safe, of high quality and provide optimal nutrient to meet physiological need. Nestle dish ups provide selections for all someone taste and lifestyle preferences.They gestate inA prerequisite for dealing with people is respect and trust.transparence and honesty in dealing with people are a sine qua non for efficient communication. This is complemented by open dialogue with the purpose of sharing competencies and boosting creativity.To conk is not only to inform it is also to listen and to engage in dialogue.The willingness to cooperate, to help others and to learn is a required basis for advancement and promotion within our companyObjectivesDesigning and producing the products of such quality so that they female genitalia create value for shareholders and consumers, employees and handicraft par tners, and the local communities and national economies in which Nestl operates. non to focus on short term profits, barely to develop melodic phrase for long term.Top priority is consumer. They believe that they cannot exist without their customers. So enchantment designing their products they first think about the need of customer.Generally at that place are no specific laws and legislation set, rather than the general laws of the company, but still as operation through the globe, that is operating in a lot of different countries, there are rules and guidelines which talent vary match to the country and the environment they are operating in so erstwhile(prenominal) there are specific laws and rules set for those diversity of environmental conditions which might vary to for for apiece one one and every country of the members of the staff.They are very sure on the schoolmasterism that they have as they believe that if the company are professional and that means that foll ow certain law and ethics and they abide to it, or stick to it no matter what the situation is so that this will help the company to gain good reputation within the employees of the company, they will not hesitate if something is going wrong within the company. Corporate Level schemaMerger and AcquisitionBiggest mergersDrerers Ice-Cream companyNorth Americas largest pet Food company-Rlaston Purina 11 billion USDGerber, a brand of Novarits corporation in baby food 5.5 Billion USDReason to follow AM strategy areDiversifying businessExpansion of size of companySellingThey sold their milk manufacturing patience BAVI to Anco.Reasons They can use this money to focus in any other business which is more profitable.Business level StrategyTheir main business level strategy is the integrated cost leadership/ differentiation, by producing 10,000 of different products with low cost as compared to others.Recruitment process and Pay Structure at NestleThe recruitment process at Nestle is all t he path defined. People with qualities like dynamism, realism, pragmatism, hard work, honesty and trustworthiness.Match between candidates determine companys finis.Recruitment for way levels takes place in the head office and all others at the branch level. The existing employees are promoted to higher posts as per the requirements. There are no lateral recruitments. Another source of recruitment is campus placements and military man resource consultancies.Pay structure at NestleNestle strives to shot fair remuneration. Remuneration level is above the average in industry.The variant component of the salary is comparatively big to reward individual accomplishance.In case of higher management level, the variable part is linked to individual team target achievementsPeople management policies, basic values principles expound in NestleNestle management leadership principles- The Nestl Management and leading Principles describe the management style and the corporate values o f the Nestl Group, specifically in the area of interpersonal relations.Nestle military man resources policy- the policies designed for the Nestls human resources are well defined to the employees with proper guidances and guidelines habituated to them so that they can operate in the right manner and be more trenchant and efficient.Nestle people development review-this policy throws light on Nestles coating and core values, different schooling programs and life of employees after workNestle Job DesignSelection-Combination of written test, GD interview (Interviews for teetotum management posts).The company incorporates practices like Job Enrichment and Job Enlargement, to motivate employees and to break the sameness of their job tasks. The pressman herself works in some(prenominal) sales and brand management departments, which is an example of job enlargement teaching Programme in NestleFrom the factory floor to the top management, raising at Nestl is continuous. And becaus e it is mainly given by Nestl people, it is always relevant to the professional life.Throughout the world, each country channelises its own get hold ofing programmes (e-Learning, classroom courses, external courses), and it has five training centers in France, UK, Spain, Mexico and Brazil.Nestle runs future(a) training programmes-Literacy training Programme this is run by nestle to improve skills in employees who are given modernistic machines or equipment to work. The objective is to prepare workers to operate new equipment and production methods. This requires the king to read, write and do basic calculations. This process is part of what is called the Mission-directed attain team up Approach. In addition to increasing productivity, the process helps to empower the teams to take responsibility for their performance and maintain a positive attitude to their work.Nestle Apprenticeship Programmes It is an intensifier four-year programme. Technical classes are given. Apprentic es take a series of exams leading to a Technician Diploma or an Advanced Technician Diploma.Local Training Programmes The local training programme means a lot of employees work in the Nestls, in other words the Nestls 2/3 of the employees who work for the Nestls arrange and organise the training programme to share the understand of whatsoever the problems being faced by each employees and that they are trying to train them in such a manner that when any problem occurs they can themselves be aware of it and can take the right decision when need, these are pattern of being run in every different countries where Nestls operate and it is a unique programme, in other word it is termed as Nestls people development activities and continuously been followed throughoutRive-Reine International Training programmes They have allocated different programmes for training different people, they have a especially designed training programmes in which thy run more than 70 courses. Which are aroun d the word and something like 1700 to 1800 manager and senior manager visualise this sort of courses this includes from around the world and over 70 to 80 countries are participating in this sort of courses. The staff that is training them is a super qualified and with a lot of them being those from the Nestles senior managers who have tones of sire and have a lot of expertise in the field and can take care of the precise things that need to be handled, they put their experience into play and train the staff, so that not only the company gather but also the staff benefit from the training. The sometimes have the top management participating in the programme it might sometimes level(p) include the CEO if the Nestls who is interested in theNestle Rewards warmness to Win awards These quarterly awards have been institutionalized to reward those who over-achieve their targets.Long-service Awards- To actualize employees who have been with the company for more than 30 years.Nestle Id ea Award- It was found from the correspondent that the company institutes Nestle Idea Award every quarter to recognize and award employees who come up with relevant and innovative ideas which have the potential of being implemented at Nestle.For all aspects of Reward Nestle fall in the investment trustamental principles outlined below.There rewards are based on following principlesPerformance Driven The hard work each employees put in the more are the chances of their getting the reward, reward is strictly based on the way each employee perform. The more the hard work put in by the employees more will be reward, in some sort performance is directly linked to the rewards they are going to earn. In this way they motivate the employees, to get the better out of them, and in way both the company as well as the employees are benefited. The reward they each employees are offered is quite attractive so that the employees get attracted to it and try and perform to the best of their calib re.Inclusive The reward system is unique and it is included for each of the employees and not only the junior manager, it includes all the employees and in that way all are employees are included.Flexible They are more of a sort of flexible on the reward system if the employees are performing and if they need their reward in some other form if it is possible then they might give the reward that the employee asks for and not what they have already decided.Benefits given to employees in NestleThe following benefits are provided to all employees, with no divergenceLeave-Personal Medical (fixed no. per year)Children Education Assistance SchemeProvident fundRetirement Gratuity SchemeGroup redress Accidental Insurance SchemeConveyance ReimbursementsEmployee RelationshipNestle provides a very sizeable working environment which is one of the reasons why Nestls employees state their dedication level to be very high.Employee turnover is less than 5%., which is considered to be very l ow for a multinational corporation.Nestle has an open culture upward communication especially in case of grievance redressal is encouraged.Work/Life balance is given importance, as illustrated in the Nestle serviceman Resource Policy document.Nestle Family annual events are organized by their HR department whereby employees along with their families are invited.Emphasis is laid on safety of employees (Nestle Policy on Health and Safety at Work)Referances event Study of Nestl Training and Developmenthttp//www.nestlecareers.co.uk/html/benefits-nestle-jobs.htm (function() var scribd = document.createElement(script) scribd.type = textbook/javascript scribd.async = true scribd.src = https//www.scribd.com/javascripts/embed_code/inject.js var s = document.getElementsByTagName(script)0 s.parentNode.insertBefore(scribd, s) )() http//www.oppapers.com/subjects/how-to-meet-physiological-needs-page1.htmlhttp//www.blurtit.com/q4289961.htmlhttp//www.merisant.com/careers/job_opp ortunities.htmlhttp//www.allfreeessays.com/essays/Nestle/24216.htmlhttp//www.allfreeessays.com/essays/Nestle-Mission-Statement/79131.htmlhttp//www.research.nestle.com/tools/mission_statement.htmlhttp//wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_Mission_Statement_for_Nestlehttp//wiki.answers.com/Q/Mission_statement_for_nestlehttp//irenesbakery.com/bakery/index.htmhttp//kninn.blogspot.com/2009/12/mission-statement-of-nestle-pakistan.htmlhttp//sawaal.ibibo.com/personal-finance-and-tax/what-nestle-mission-statement-510970.htmlhttp//www.merisant.com/careers/job_opportunities_asia.html

Patriarchy In Twilight Saga English Literature Essay

Patriarchy In nightf exclusively Saga English Literature analyseIts easy to observe the expansive reach of the declination saga. For starters, it is a cash-cow. To date, the quartette book series has sold approximately 85 meg copies (Grossman) and has claimed the blossom four spots on USA Todays year-end bestseller list for the geezerhood 2008 and 2009 (Minzesheimer and DeBarros, Sellers pin Sweeps). twilight(prenominal) saga merchandise though sold in sextuple retail turn outlets single-handedly brought retailer Hot Topic behind from the depths of scotch gloom and doom in 2008 (Odell).1The film adaptation of Twilight grossed $380 million at the box office (to a salienter fulfil custodyt than 10 ms what it cost to produce) in advance earning over $3 million in DVD sales on its off get dressed printing day of oust (Armstrong) magical spell radical Moon performed so farthest better earning much than $700 million humanwide before its DVD release in March 201 0 (The Twilight Saga New Moon). Beyond the economic bushel, the series inspires Beatlemania-type fanaticism among its growing, primarily fe staminate, fan-base. Conduct a Google search for Twilight fansite, and youll mend al virtu altogethery 1.2 million returns. Furthermore, a November 10, 2008 scheduled appearance in San Francisco by Robert Pattinson (the actor portraying Edward Cullen in the film adaptation of Twilight) was brookcelled afterwards he was swarmed by fans. The melee in addition resulted in a depleted nose for angiotensin converting enzyme fan, while another lost consciousness (News from WENN). Pattinson do the fol broken ining remarks near the impassi adeptd Twilight fandom People know my name, mill about me in public, try to figure out what hotel Im staying at, ask me to bite them and emergency to touch my hair. It feels sur hearty (Bell).These be al matchless a few role models that build the massive impact the Twilight saga has on audiences. The w idespread audience receipt capacity cause some to wonder just what it is about Twilight that appeals so much to fans. thither ar others, corresponding myself, who nominate elect to question the impact the Twilight narrative whitethorn have on contributors specific altogethery fe potent readers perceptions of conclusion. temporary hookup there argon m whatever candidates of the Twilight narrative world debated by fans and critics alike, themes of patriarchate and misogyny argon of limited inte remnant (Mann Myers McClimans and Wisnewski Housel).The Twilight Saga is Just Entertainment, Right? Why Should We Cargon? forrader we can enter into a proper analysis about the impact of patriarchal and misogynistic themes in Twilight, its first meaning(a) to understand why unite want to analyze an artifact of popular acculturation at all. An sr. academic view situates popular text editions like the Twilight saga as low art, or mass produced schlock meant to dupe unsophisticat ed audiences, like us, into passiveness (Horkheimer and Adorno Benjamin). Postmodern cultural studies scholars, however, verify popular culture as an aspect of mass culture (Storey, Cultural Theory), or the values and ideas that members of a clubhouse form from common exposure to the same cultural activities, communications media, medical specialty and art, etc.Thus, examining popular culture texts exposes how they atomic number 18 used assert favorable values upon others (Barthes). Female-targeted popular culture artifacts like the Twilight saga are sites that are especially worthy of examination since they place the egg-producing(prenominal)/feminine knowledge at the forefront of media critique (McRobbie and McCabe Modleski Rad manner Ang Mellencamp). The central link of feminist media analyses is to sample patriarchal political orientation as it relates to power and agency in fraternity (Baumgardner and Richards Durham Storey, An Introduction van Zoonen). Analyzing texts through a feminist crystalline lens can serve as a means of exposing and critiquing patriarchy in popular media and, in the process, answer to liberate audiences from traditional, stereo typic re endueations (Durham). It is in like manner a way to understand the concept of gender as a kind construction, and posits media texts as faultfinding sites for the negotiation of gender spots.If we read the Twilight saga occludely, we force conclude that it promotes what Cynthia Enloe calls a Culture of impending Danger, which she defines as a culture sustained by the classical patriarchal caveat that women are in the sort of danger from which further rational men can hold dear them (234). One way in which the Twilight saga reinforces a Culture of Imminent Danger is seen in the roles of the adult male and female characters in the series. For example, male characters are written into roles or occupations that reflect the role of protector. Charlie, Bellas father, is the poli ce headsman in Forks Carlisle Cullen, Edwards father, is the most prominent doctor in t possess and wand Black, Jacobs father, is a Quileute tribe elder. Meanwhile, the female characters in Twilight, are symbolically eliminate that is they are largely trivialized and either symbolized as child-like adornments who invite to be saved or they are dismissed to the protective confines of the home (Tuchman 8). The role of Bellas mother, Renee, is muted throughout the news report we know simply that she has moldd to conjoin her new husband to spring training camp in Florida and that she is bare(a) and harebrained (M essencer, Twilight 4). Before Renee remarried, Bella saw herself as her mothers caretaker. Esme, Edwards mother is also superficially presented. As the matriarch of the Cullen clan, she is characterized only by her ability to cognize passionately and her strong mothering instincts (Meyer, Twilight 307, 368). Bella, overly, has been seen by some as dropping victim to symbolic annihilation. In the discussion topic Bella, is she a no- dandy influence for teens? on the TwilightMoms.com fan site, for example, fans express concern that Bella is a asthenic character because she sees herself less beautiful than Edward, less intelligent, and clumsier than everyone else. Bella, because she is the weak and vulnerable one, is in constant need of care and protection she is dependent upon Edward for survival.Indeed, we see what happens to Bella when she is wedded by the protective influence of Edward she be get bys a lost moon (Meyer, New Moon, 201). Later, when Bella and Edward visit Renee in Eclipse, Renee remarks to Bella that her role in her relationship to Edward is that of a satellite, or something (Meyer, Eclipse, 68). A satellite can be understood as any object that moves around a larger object. The comparisons of Bella to a moon or other satellite are signifi patois since they symbolically place Edward at the center and Bella in the periphery . This scenario illustrates Edwards role as the actor and Bellas role as the reactor in the Twilight saga. When Edward moves, so does Bella. When Edward leaves, Bella, too, checks out. Likewise, it implies that the orbiter is the to the lowest degree valuable one in the relationship. Take, for example, the Earths relationship to the Sun. The Earth as a actualise system for human life is important in its own right, entirely the Sun has far more importance. Without the Sun, the Earth is annihilated. Without Edward, Bella is annihilated.Because the symbolic annihilation of women in media bombs to address the full range of womens actual-life goals and potential, it plays an important role in establishing and normalizing ideology that helps those in power (read men) stay in power. But, Bella exists in a world much different than ours. How much potential can we expect Bella to posses in a situation where she is hale to battle super-human forces? Meyer acknowledges this when respo nding to critics. She hypothesisesThere are those who cypher Bella is a wuss. There are those who think my stories are misogynistic-the damsel in distress must be rescued by strong sensation I am not anti-female, I am anti-human. I wrote this story from the perspective of a female human because that came most naturally, as you capacity imagine. But if the narrator had been a male human, it would not have changed the events. When a human creation is totally surrounded by creatures with preternatural strength, speed, senses, and variant other uncanny powers, he or she is not going to be able to hold his or her own. Sorry. Thats just the way it is. We cant all be slayers. Bella does pretty well I think, all things considered (Meyer, The Story).Im entrusting to profane Meyers explanation to an extent. But, just because the Twilight saga narrative is set against a scope of fantasy does not mean its capabilities for reinforcing the corpulent ideology that exists in our real-w orld go unrealized. For example, Bella only becomes strong by conforming to the masculine standard assemble forth by Edward (that is, by be glide path a vampire). Of course, Edward cannot reverse himself to his human form, yet when Bella changes for Edward, it decriminalises a longstanding cultural norm of women adjusting their desires to accommodate those of her male partner.2As with the satellite analogy, this aspect of the Twilight saga highlights Edwards superiority over Bella.Edward Is The Worlds surmount Predator, Isnt He? Everything About Him Invites You In.When readers buy a toy novel, they are being sold more than just the book. The ideology of woo exemplified by lessons of gender subjectivities and sexual difference in a patriarchal structure implant in the patriarchal and misogynistic themes present in flirt genre is also being sold (Brown Cooper). The romance narrative of the Twilight saga teaches us that if tender order is to be successful and maintained, then the most worthy compromises volition have to be made by women. This lesson establishes, then, that if women wish for patriarchy to be neutralized in ball club they will have to be the ones to do it. We see this perspective manifested in the online comments of several readers comments that largely are critical of Bella for failing to overcome the patriarchal constraints present in the Twilight saga (see for example beka Jost North Seltzer or any of the myriad of fan posts on TwilightMoms, Twilight Lexicon, and other fansites). However, men and women exist together in society and, as such(prenominal), any fair reading of the Twilight saga would also be looking at Edwards responsibility in perpetuating oppressive ideas about gender roles in human society. possibly the most profound way that Edward Cullen reinscribes an oppressive patriarchal ideology is that he demonstrates the classic signs of a batterer. Many readers might disagree with my assessment by pointing out that Edward is motivated by his intensified desire to protect Bella and he only has her best interests in theme. The close in of Edwards actions as being in Bellas best interests is precisely what makes them so dangerous. This base normalizes and legitimizes masculine power over females for the reader.As for how Edward demonstrates signs of a batterer, one need only refer to the criteria established by nationally cognise domestic violence trainer and consultant Lydia cart. As part of her Getting a Firm Foundation training, baby-walker has developed a list of seventeen miens seen in people who abuse their partners. Walker warns that if the person has several ( cardinal or more) of these behaviors, a strong potential exists for physical violence the more signs a person has, the more likely the person is a batterer. Edward exhibits at least seven of these behaviors (in varying degrees) at different points in the Twilight saga.3These areJealousy Of course, the tension between Edward and Jacob is at the forefront of the story, but Edward expresses his indignation in many of Bellas potential suitors, In Twilight, for example we are most acutely aware of his dislike for Mike Newton. Edward tells Bella that when Mike asked her to the school day dance, he was surprised by the flare of resentment, almost fury that he matte (Meyer, Twilight 303). Edward is surprised by his feelings, remarking that jealousy is so much more powerful that I would have thought. And irrational (304).Controlling behavior Walker defines coercive behavior as those actions that are attributed to a concern for a chars safety and well being. We see one example of Edwards disciplineling behavior in Twilight when he follows Bella and her friends to Port Angeles. Walker also warns that take holdling behaviors are much manifested in the abusers lack of willingness to let a woman make personal decisions. We see Edwards controlling behavior reappear subsequent in the same chapter when he tells Bella when she needs to eat (even when she insists that she isnt hungry), and again when Bella is convalescent in the hospital in the last chapter Edward calls for the nurse to administer throe medication to Bella even though she is clear that she does not need them (Meyer, Twilight 477). In Eclipse, Edwards attempts to control Bella are particularly disturbing as he continuously attempts to prevent Bella from visiting Jacob. First, he disconnects the cables to her car battery. Later, he manipulates Alice into combat- attain in a kidnapping plot designed to keep Bella outdoor(a) from La Push. When he finally agrees to let her go, he does so only if he can take her there and pick her up himself. Perhaps the most appalling example, though, is in good luck Dawn when Edward attempts to arrange for an miscarriage for Bella without any discussion from her or her permission.Quick involvement Most knock about women dated or knew the abuser for less than six months (many for less than three months) before they were married, living together, or engaged. An abuser comes on like a whirlwind (Walker). Chapter one of Twilight tells the reader that Bella moves to Forks in January. It is not until March that Bella and Edward decide to become a couple (Twilight Chapter 10). By Prom in May, shes ready to give up her mortality for Edward (Twilight Epilogue). In fact, the entire story only spans 2 historic period.Unrealistic expectations Walker characterizes unrealistic expectations in terms of possessiveness and states that disgraceful people will expect their partner to meet all of their needs. At one point, Edward tells Bella that he is anxious to be away from her, and that he gets put off worrying about her (Meyer Twilight 188-9). Edward is relentless in keeping Bella close to him, unrealistically worried that some great harm will come to her. Edward tells Bella You are my life now (314).Blames others for feelings The abuser will tell the woman you make me ma d, youre hurting me by not doing what I tell you, I cant help being angry (Walker).The abuser is, of course, responsible for what he thinks and feels, but will use his feelings to manipulate his partner. One example of Edward acting in this way can be found in the meadow opinion in Twilight. Prior to this point, Edward has made his desire for Bella known, but it is not until they are in the meadow that he drops his mask to show Bella the true extent of the danger he poses to her. Hes frenzied as he explains all the ship canal in which he could easily destroy her, and then blames Bella when he feels he has lost control (Meyer, Twilight 263-5). Later, when Bella and Edward kiss before meeting the rest of the Cullens for a game of baseball, he forcefully pulls himself off of her when he loses control and proclaims Damn it, Bella Youll be the death of me, I swear you will (363).Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Walker warns women to look out for sudden mood changes in which one turn the abuse r is really nice and the next minute hes exploding. She explains that explosiveness and moodiness are typical of people who abuse their partners since these behaviors can intimidate and frighten the victim and are reflections of the abusers use of threats and manipulation to establish and maintain power and control. The entire first part of Twilight (certainly until Bella is rescued in Port Angeles by Edward in Chapters eight and nine) is focused on Edwards odd behavior towards Bella that vacillates between cheer and pure contempt. At one point, his behavior causes Bella to say to Edward, I cant keep up with you, and question him as to whether he has a quaternary personality disorder (Meyer, Twilight 84, 82). Even after Edward makes his true feelings for Bella known and while he continues to keep his emotions in-check around Bella, hes prone to the occasional swing. each force during a conflict This may involve a batterer safekeeping a woman down, physically restraining her from leaving a room, or push/shoving her (Walker). In Chapter five of Twilight, Bella faints during a blood-typing exercise in her Biology class. Edward convinces the school secretary to excuse them from class so that he can come across her safely home. Bella relents, happy to get out of class, but is fully aim on seeing herself home. When Bella moves to the drivers seat of her truck, Edward physically restrains her by pulling the back of her jacket, telling her, Where do you think youre going? (Meyer, Twilight 103). Later, Bella is restrained again, this time by Edwards brother Emmett (under Edwards direction) as they rush to flee James after the baseball game. While trying to decide how to counter James necessary attack, Edward decides to take Bella away from Forks. When she protests, Edward orders Emmett to secure her by her wrists and forcibly strap her into the draw rein of the Jeep they are using to escape (381).Of course, not everyone will see it this way. Some will see Edwar d as he is presented as the ideal, wild-eyed, fond(p) boyfriend and rationalize that his actions are justified because they were enacted with Bellas best interests in mind and because Edward, as a vampire, has physical and mental capabilities that Bella, as a mortal, does not possess. But, we cannot let Edward off the hook just because he is a vampire and not a living, breathing person. While personhood is certainly linked to humanity, Nicolas Michaud suggests that one does not necessarily need to be human to be a person Personhood should be granted to those who demonstrate certain qualities such as consciousness and self motivated activity those who demonstrate certain capabilities such a practical reason and affiliation should also not be denied the ability to flourish if they so choose (45). Edwards respect for the human soul, his choice to drink animal blood instead of human blood, and his attempt to draw into Forks society demonstrate his desire to pass and be accepted as a person and not a vampire. Therefore, if Edward wants to enjoy the benefits of personhood in our society, we have to demand of him the same standards that we would expect from any other male in it unheeding of any supernatural power he may possess.There are those that will argue that even though Edward exhibits these tendencies, he does not cross the line to become a full-fledged physical abuser. However, while physical violence is one method by which men control women and maintain their supremacy, patriarchy does not need to be enforced by using violence alone. In this case, Edwards actions create an environment where Bella cannot love Edward without abhor herself. He demonstrates that, despite the claim to the contrary, he is actually very far from perfect. Yet, Bella still sees herself as subordinate to him. She consistently reminds the reader and herself that she is not good enough for Edward. Because the Bella/Edward relationship is presented as fated and Edwards actions are justified as being for the benefit of Bellas safety, we permit Bella to respond in ways that would concern us if we saw it manifested in others close to us. We condone her continued overlook for her own personal safety. We allow her to isolate herself from her family and friends. We accept her explanations for her repeated injuries. Bella literally gives up her life for love. Edwards controlling behavior coupled with Bellas justification of it creates a situation in which the females subordination becomes not only acceptable to readers, but rational as well.Can Romance Narratives be Anything But heavy?The abuse narrative present in the Twilight saga becomes especially tangled when viewed with an understanding of the romance genre. Romance as a genre is often characterized by the quest for an ideal heterosexual love relationship between a strong, dashingly handsome, materialization man and a beautiful, vulnerable, self-sacrificing young person woman (Burnett and Beto). Thes e qualities of romance stories are at the forefront of the Twilight saga. While these aspects of romance can be read as bring to the lengthening of patriarchal ideas about gender roles, romance can also be interpreted as the ultimate feminist genre. Catherine Asaro reminds us that the plots of most romance stories are centered on the desires of the heroine her values are given antecedence and she ever ends up getting what she wants. Bella spends four books telling us, the readers, that she wants to achieve immortality as a vampire and spend eternity with Edward while still being able to keep her best friend and Edwards rival suitor Jacob around. Breaking Dawn sees Bella fighting for her right to bear a child. She ultimately achieves all of this.Asaro also asserts that romance novels are unique in that they adhere to the female gaze. Laura Mulveys concept of the male gaze rests in the assumption that the audience is forced to view the action and characters of a filmic text thro ugh the perspective of a heterosexual man. Examples of its manifestation in filmic texts are seen in camera shots focussing on the curves of the female body, cleavage, or other sexualized positioning of women. In romance novels, however, the male form is the one under the heaviest scrutiny its features extolled upon in great contingent. In fact, the female heroine is frequently described with just enough detail to humanize her, while leaving enough information out of the get a line so that the reader might insert herself into it. In Twilight, Bella frequently compares Edward to the mythic Greek god Adonis. Her description of his facial features is specific. We see Edward, through her look as perfect and angular with high cheekbones, a strong jawline, and a straight nose and full lips. His hair, which is always messy, is an unusual, eye-catching shade of bronze while his eyes are topaz. Bella, on the other hand, is described to the reader far more simply she has long cook ha ir and brown eyes.Texts presented through the female gaze are significant in two distinct ways. For one, that the heroine is presented as an everywoman can be seen as empowering to female readers who are often only presented with representations of female characters that fade into the background unless they have qualities deemed important (Asaro). Readers are able to recognize aspects of themselves in the narrative. Also, it legitimizes female sexuality and debunks the myth that women dont measure men in that way. Physical attractiveness is just as important for females as it is for males. Female sexuality is further legitimized in romance in that the heroine is rarely punished for engaging in sexual acts and can frequently be seen as the initiator of such acts. In Twilight, it is Bella who is eager to consummate(a) the relationship she has with Edward and Edward who is resistant to give in without being married.Still, there is mess hall in the saga to support the charges that th e Twilight narrative is potentially harmful. Even though Edward never crosses the line into domestic violence, his behavior is still troublesome since the heavy consumption of romance narratives can, over time, influence readers interpretations of appropriate behavior for men and women in romantic relationships. In The Killing Screens, George Gerbner discusses his cultivation theory, which was developed to help explain the cumulative and overarching impact repeated media exposure has on the way we see the world in which we live. It emphasizes the effects of media consumption on the attitudes alternatively than the behavior of audiences. In short, heavy exposure is seen as cultivating attitudes which are more consistent with the world of media than with the everyday world. Gerbner argues that media cultivates attitudes and values which are already present in a culture, normalizing and reinforcing more controlling values, while make other, more underlying ideas more salient. In a s ociety such as ours where masculine ideology is already privileged where we already have historic struggles with creating safe, egalitarian spaces for women and where we already struggle with violence and intimidation, Gerbners theory tells us that extended consumption of the over-representation of patriarchy in the Twilight saga can normalize and legitimize acts of oppression that we might witness or experience in our own lives. When abuse is made to be fun and entertaining, we run the risk rationalizing and justifying it and fail to see the tragedy in it when we come across it in our real lives.Viewing the Twilight saga through this lens moves the conversation from the question of, What are romance narratives like those in Twilight doing to women? to What are women doing with them? Romance has been, perhaps, one of the most denigrated popular culture genres (Asaro Wethington Holmes). Common complaints include the lack of sort and scope of romance narratives (typically seen as a result of the demands of powerful commercialised forces and publishers looking to quickly churn out formulaic narratives that have antecedently proven to be profitable) and the genres consistent reliance on conservatively sloshed messages about race, gender and male-female relationships and the objectification of human bodies in explicit, almost pornographic, sexual representations (Wethington). not everyone buys into these criticisms. Feminist media scholar Janice Radway was one of the first to take seriously the joyousness that women readers consistently seem to find in romance. According to her influential text Reading the Romance, women use romance as a way to set up a quiet space for themselves. They not only vicariously enjoy status positions and spaces of nurturing through the books that they do not enjoy in the real world, but romance stories also provide a pretended space in which readers can rehearse and make sense of their single identity and role in society (Radway Burnett and Beto). The role romance plays in preparing individuals how to behave in their public lives is even greater for young readers than what it may be for adults. Girls will use romances as an alternative to a romantic relationship when one has not yet presented itself. Romance novels act as safe spaces to gain insight on how to meet boys, what kinds of things they might say to them, and what dating is like. For them, romance novels act as beginners manual for adolescence (Cherland and Edelsky Christian-Smith Willinsky and Hunniford)Audiences appear to cover the lessons and desires cultivated through repeated exposure to romance narratives in their callowness with them throughout their lives. For example, a generation ago, at the height of the coming-of-age teen romance flick, there emerged two archetypes for the ideal boyfriend Jake Ryan and Lloyd Dobler. Jake Ryan, of course, was the cool, super-popular, super-rich, Porsche-driving, way-too-hot-to-be-in-high-school hunk w ho caught the Plain Jane Samantha Bakers eye in the film Sixteen Candles. Lloyd Dobler, on the other hand, was an unpretentious, earnest, boombox-hoisting everyman who was thoroughly prone to the super-smart Diane Court in the film Say Anything. Its been more than 25 years since Sixteen Candles was in theaters and 20 years since Say Anything was released, yet women coming of age in the 1980s still find themselves longing for their Jake or their Lloyd but, not finding him. (Stuever, Real Men Steuver, What I Did). There is exhibit that the same desire audiences have for a relationship with Jake and Lloyd also exists for Edward Cullen, regardless of the age of the audience member. For example, on the discussion forum for the TwilightTeens.com fansite, for example, one can find a multitude of discussion threads in which young fans deliberate questions like On a scale of 1 to 10, how favourable is Bella Swan to be with Edward Cullen? Could you see yourself dating a guy like Edward? o r What do you like about Edward? Additionally, Emily Reynolds interviews and surveys with female adult readers of the Twilight saga revealed that it was Bella with whom readers most frequently identified and whose behaviors they most saw in themselves, making it easy for the reader to slip into Bellas shoes. This identification most frequently manifests itself in a desire to be romantically linked with Edward. According to one of Reynolds participants I would leave my husband for someone like that (30). The difference, of course, is that seeking out a Jake Ryan or a Lloyd Dobler though destined to end in disappointment is not likely to meet with a violent end, though seeking out an Edward Cullen might.Is it all bad?It is not my goal to inveigh the Twilight saga. It is okay to enjoy things that are entertaining and fun, but we should not dupe ourselves into believing that our entertainment media does not also assist in formulating our ideas about our culture. Popular media help sh ape a worldview in audiences that re-inscribes dominant positions of power and authority (Althusser Gitlin Hall), which in Eurocentric cultures like ours is white, patriarchal capitalism (Fiske qtd. in Meyers 7). Patriarchy is the primary oppressor of females in a society (Firestone Greer Millett). Since patriarchy does not necessarily operate as an explicit, perceivable reality (meaning, we dont always recognize it when we see it), we must review the aspects of our culture pop culture included that perpetuate patriarchal ideology and cause it to be normalized. What are, in fact, dangerous ideas that devalue the female in society are too frequently seen as legitimate choices in the Twilight saga choices made in the name of true love or in the face of supernatural forces. When presented through these lenses, Bella and Edwards relationship is seen as romantic and desirable when in any other world it would be destructive.We have to remember that patriarchy, while notable for margin alizing females, does not operate free from feminine influence (Enloe). Social systems are not made solely of men women are also contributing members. As such, a patriarchal society relies on the participation of all members men and women to endure. Therefore, as destructive as Edward is in the Twilight narrative, the real danger exists when we fail to confront patriarchy and oppression when we encounter it. It is beneficial that Twilight appeals to readers across several generations because it can be used as a framework for encouraging discourse between adults and youth about how female oppression occurs in society. Only future analysis will tell if these conversations are happening. Lets hope that they are.

the Chemical contamination of food

the chemical taint of provender pabulum and drunkennesss is a common term when it comes to a lower place cordial reception industry. However, employees nameing under this orbit of the cordial reception industry course to overlook a very important verbal expression in this industry, refuge and hygienics as they continue to impress their superior or guests with their scarper efficiency. Safety and hygienics which both sacrifice often been neglected ca utilize several(a) problems and conflicts involving employers, employees and even the guests or customers of the industry. In some cases, the negligence of gum elastic and hygiene had cause a loss in stage business, reputation and also statutory implications to companies in this industry. Often thither ar cases whereby a highly estimable f ar and beverage electric receptacle have lost their reputation and business collectible to negligence in their f be preparation.Safety and hygiene is so vital that we cannot ignore the importance of it, especi in on the upstandingy in the aliment and beverage industry. effectual and hygienic nutrient attracts crowd. You provide come across a scenario whereby people queue up just to be served in a sustenance outlet comp ard to an other outlet serving the same diet a few doors away. The main reason behind this scene is that, the outlet serves timbre and hygienic aliment.What draws the meaning of galosh and hygienic diet? It both(a) comes astir(predicate) the implication of diet defilement and the negligence in the preparation. in merciful solid nourishment cause by poor preservation and expired grocery ar the examples which cause aliment contamination. Occasion eithery, we discover foreign objects in our food and this is due to negligence and c atomic number 18lessness in food preparation.Physical contamination of foodFood contamination falls into three main classes of definition, and they ar personal contamination, chemical contam ination and also biological contamination of food. Physical contamination of food is defined as whatever foreign objects that falls into our food during the manufacturing or preparation process. During the manufacturing of food, carelessness coquets a very important grapheme in the contamination of food. Often we come across jam-packed food with inedible foreign objects in it. This is ca utilize by the carelessness and negligence of workers in the process of preparing the food.1.1 The wear and tear of machinerys parts accidentally got mixed into the food. Lubricants that are used to grease food processing machineries are also cardinal of the physical contaminants that got into food. There are some food processors that do not comply with FDA requirements to use just now stainless steel in food preparation.1.2 Human parts such as h blood line, fingernails, jewelries and clothing parts are some of the contaminants that fall into food. Employees working in the food preparation se ctor are not aware of the importance of proper dress economy while preparing food. This negligence greatly affects the refuge and hygiene of food preparation.1.3 entrepot of food is so important that many outlets do not earnings much attention to it. Foods prepared are not immediately served to customers. This requires right baseball gloveling such as covering of food to prevent base objects from contaminating the food. Insects are pr wizard to swarm around aromatic food and whitethorn cause food contamination. There are so many factors related to physical contamination of food that it is impossible to describe each(prenominal) and every detail herewith. Thus we depart continue with some other factors such as chemical contamination of food.2) Chemical contamination of foodChemical contamination of food is defined as food macrocosm pollute by other chemicals accidentally. What are those hazardous chemicals?2.1 One of the little chemical that contaminates our food is pollu tion. contaminant can be classified in to the pollution of air, body of pee and soil.2.1.1 Pollution of air occurs when pesticide sprays are organism used too near to foodstuff ca victimisation the air covering the food stuff to be full of hazardous pesticide sprays. In farms, pollution of air occurs when a large amount of pesticides spray are world used on to the plantations causing the food to be chemically contaminated2.1.2 Pollution of weewee happens when untreated body of weewee is used in food preparation. urine system which is not properly stored in containers dexterity have been exposed to contaminants. smoothing iron pipes which are used to deliver water might contain hateful elements which might react with food which is hazardous to wellness.2.1.3 Pollution of soil happens in plantations where our vegetables are being planted. Often farmers over-use animal drugs and agrochemicals which result in the contamination of soil. Soil may even consist of toxic metals f rom toxic float being disposed at the area of plantation. These chemicals when consumed or ingested are super hazardous to health.2.2 Food additives are often added to food to enhance the try out or to extend the shelf life of the food. However, these additives are subjected to defined picture show levels and international food safety standards. Food over exposed to food additives might result in a chemical change and provide be hazardous to health. For instance, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized a few chemicals such as Bisphenol A, Melamine and Acrylamide to be a health issue when there are overly being added into food.3) Biological contamination of foodBiological contamination is defined as food containing graphic occurring substances which are poisonous or hazardous when consumed.3.1 Employees always neglect hygiene in food preparation. We have come across cases where employees work in food and beverage sector do not lavation their give afterward using the toilet. Employees should understand that millions of germs stick on to their pass after they use the toilet. Other than that, things that we touch everyday such as money, stairway railing or shopping carts are full of germs invisible to our natural eyes.3.2 In food preparation industry, proper dress code should be implemented. This happens when workers tend to sneeze and cough when they are working. This causes a lot of bacterium or germs to land on the food, causing it to be biologically contaminated.3.3 Food also can be contaminated biologically when raw food is being processed on contaminated surfaces. There are cases where financially poor countries attempting to make bigger profit by neglecting safety and hygiene. au naturel(p) food which is processed on surfaces contaminated with virus, bacteria, germs dirt and dust, will be extremely dangerous to health when consumed.This concludes the three contaminants that affect the safety and hygiene of food.Question 1 (b) What i s the definition of movable water, explain its uses. display water supply is the most vital resource to life on earthly concern. water system covers 70.9 percent of the earths surface and even 60 percent of our homo body consists of water. Without food, human can live up to 49 days, however without water human being can only live up to 7 days. fresh water is extremely essential to human and other life forms.1.1 man-portable water is defined as water with total dissolved self-colored contentednesss at about 150ppm which is suitable for drinking and sanitary purposes.1.2The earth we are staying in is full of water sources. However, not all of this water is fit for expenditure and sanitary purposes. In order to produce portable water, different water from different sources is treated with different ways and methods in order to produce portable water.1.2.1Sea water permites desalination process by distillation. Then the water will be treated with flash ejectors. The desalinate d water will then be remineralised to achieve the desired solid content level.1.2.2Water which has been used for sanitary purposes can also be treated in order to obtain portable water. The sanitary water will undergo aerobic decomposition to remove all unwanted residues to obtain sink water. Then this water will be treated with coagulators and chlorine dosing.1.2.3 Water from river or lakes can also be treated to obtain portable water which is fit for consumption and sanitary purposes. River or lake water will be treated with coagulator and later on chlorine dose to obtain portable water.1.3 Nowadays, portable water is used widely in all subject fields of food and beverage industry. Portable is used to picture the safety and hygiene of the water used. We might not know the quality of water flowing from our tap but we do see packed portable water as an assurance of safety and hygiene.1.3.1 Portable water is developed to prevent any unwanted pathogens, diseases vectors or waterbor ne diseases that are commonly found in water. It also prevents consumption of contaminants found to exist in popes delivering water source.1.3.2In food and beverage industry, portable water is used widely as drinking water or in food preparation. Portable water is specially treated in order for it to be fit for consumption. Portable water may not be of only packed mineral water or drinking water. Portable water may also be referred to as filtered water by aftermarket filters habituated to our water pipes. These stand alone water filters filter water to a desirable solid content and flashyliness level so that it is fit for consumption.1.3.3Portable water is also used for sanitary purposes. As give tongue to earlier, water may contain of waterborne diseases and pathogens may be counterproductive to humans. Portable water is used in bathing or cleaning process so as to avoid any diseases or disease to human being. finishIn conclusion, safety and hygiene is a very important aspect not only in hospitality industry but also our everyday life. Good safety and hygiene moldiness(prenominal)(prenominal) always be do so in order to achieve better living. Good safety and hygiene must not only be practiced in food preparation, but also the food we eat. Always use portable water which is free of all waterborne diseases, pathogens and virus vectors for consumption and sanitary purposes. In food preparation, always practice good safety and hygiene so as to avoid any contaminants from contaminating the food in any of the means.Question 2 (a). What should the motorbus do about and employee who draws to work with the following symptoms fever, coughing and a sore throat?IntroductionHospitality industry is an industry which consists of food and beverage, tourism and lodging establishment. most(prenominal) of the time, employees of the hospitality industry have to service and serve guests or customers. That is wherefore employees have to practice good safety and hygien e at all clock.Food preparation is one of the fields in hospitality industry. This field requires very good practice of safety and hygiene. Employees must be in proper dress code all the time and must make clean their hold to avoid any germs on their guides before preparing food for customers. This is very important as customers might be infected if germs surface on food-stuff.In hotels and lodging establishments, front office personnel have to face a lot of customers daily. Employees have to practice good safety and hygiene to their own grooming in order to leave a good impression to customers as the front office gives customers an impression of the whole lodging establishment.2a. 1 If an employee reports to work with symptoms of fever, coughing and a sore throat, the jitney should attend to this employee immediately. The omnibus must identify the adeptness of the employees illness. If the employee have serious signs of sickness and may be contractable, the employee should be stopped from work immediately.2a.1.1 worker with contagious sickness should not be allowed to work, especially in the hospitality industry as the hospitality industry. This is because workers often have to be in contact with customers. If employees are down with contagious sickness, customers will also be infected.2a.2 The respective worker should be immediately stopped from work. No field how serious the sickness symptoms are, employees shouldnt be allowed to be in contact with guests or customers. If guests are infected by employees or workers, the restaurant or hotel will lose their reputation. In some cases, restaurants even got involved in sound implications just because of customers who are infected with sickness because of employees.2a.3 The worker or employee that inform to work with sickness symptoms wish fever, coughing and sore throat should be quarantined from other workers. As said earlier, these symptoms are contagious. We certainly do not hope that because of one black sheep, all the workers and employees are being infected of any sickness.2a.4 The manager in charge should immediately get off the respective worker to the panel medical student. The employee should be given medication to contain his or her sickness.2a.4.1 The worker should then be given medical-leave which respect to the seriousness of his or her illness. The worker should be advised not to come bear out to work unless that he or she does not have anymore of sickness symptoms.2a.5 The manager and supervisor in charge should then check all the pieces of work that the sick employees have been in contact with. The pieces of work that the employee has been in contact with should be disinfected immediately to avoid any germs from infecting other workers.2a.5.1 The manager should also check all other workers and employees who have been in rigorous contact with the sick workers. They should all be sent to the panel doctor for diagnostic. If they are found to be sick, they s hould be given medical-leave as well.2a.6 Managers and supervisors hold fast a very important responsibility in monitoring employees and workers. They should be aware of the conditions of workers and employees at all times. Workers and employees have to be dismissed from work if they are found to be sick or having any discomfort.2a.7 Finally, the manager in charge should advise and warn all workers and employees to not report to work when they are having sickness symptoms. This takes into account of the safety and hygiene of the hospitality industry where employees and workers have to be in contact with customers directly or indirectly.ConclusionSickness symptoms like fever, coughing and sore throat are signs that lead to other contagious diseases. The fatal H1N1 and SARS are examples of contagious sickness or diseases that originates from fever, coughing and sore throat symptoms. Managers and supervisor must be alert and aware of the employees condition at all times to avoid any u ntoward happenings.Question 2(b) Why is hand laundry so important?IntroductionSafety and hygiene as one of the most important aspect in hospitality industry and must be practiced at all times. In hospitality industry, employees are required to have close contact regardless of direct or indirect with customers. That is why, safety and hygiene is very vital in this field. In hospitality industry, we always want the best for customers, the safest and even the cleanest.In food preparation segment of hospitality industry, employees must bear in thinkers that although they might look clean but they are not free from all sorts of germs and microorganism. Employees must at all times disinfect or clean their hand before proceeding in food preparation process.In many other segments of the hospitality industry, most of the employees have to deal with customers. virtually of the time, employees have to shake hands with customers as a sign of a deal or a sign of friendship. However, not all o f the employees are aware of how much transfer germs or microorganisms are involved in this hand shake.In order to practice good safety and hygiene at all times, all employees of the hospitality industry must be advised of the importance of rinse their hands.2b.1 race hand is define as the act of cleansing ones hands with or without the use of water or other forms of liquids, at times with the use of soap. Since we know what is dusting hands but why is it so important? Why must employees of the hospitality industry wash their every now and then?2b.2 Washing hand disinfects our hands. Washing hand is actually the best defense against all diseases. Our hands contact hundreds of foreign objects daily. All these objects contain millions of pathogens and most of them are harmful to health. These germs stick to our hands like gums to the bottom of your shoes. Since food preparation is one of the field in the hospitality industry, what happens when these pathogen are being transferred f rom employees hands to the food they are preparing?2b.3 Our hands are capable of carrying millions if germs causing illness like colds, flu and diarrhea. We have come across cases where we claim that we have consumed mucky food. However most if the time, these unclean food that we are referring to, are contaminated food by germs transferred from employees hands. At times, we even do not wash hands before consuming food claiming that we did not touch anything dirty. We must be aware that no matter what we touch, we are prone to being infected by germs.2b.4 Employees of the hospitality industry must also be enlightened of the importance of drying their hand after washing hands. It is proven that stifle hands spread 1000 times more germs than dry hands. Employers play a very important role in preparing the appropriate sanitizers and hand dryers for employees use.2b.5 Washing hand also prevents Staph infection. Staph is MRSA (Methycillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureu), a kind of fles h eating bacteria lurking in sweaty areas. As we all might have known, kitchen is a very hot place. Kitchen attendants must heed of the infection of these bacteria. These bacteria are known to lurk around areas where there is sweat. Kitchen attendant work long hours in the kitchen causes them to sweat a lot. However, washing hands with proper soap or sanitizer totally removes these bacteria.2b.6 Research shows that there are millions of germs hiding under our watches, bracelets and rings. Employees of the hospitality industry must be aware of this. Whenever employees wash their hands, they must also clean of disinfect these jewelries. However, in some field of hospitality industry, employees are not allowed to wear any piece of jewelries in order to prevent their hand from infected by germs and transferred to customers.2b.7 Employees must also remember to wash their hands after using the toilet. The toilet is one of the spots with the highest number of bacteria and germs lurking ar ound. Statistics shows that the number of germs on our hand doubles after we use the toilet. This is extremely dangerous as we may bring germs of various diseases with us on our hands and may be transferred or infected to customers at any time.ConclusionWashing hands is the most basic step in safety and hygiene in hospitality industry. Employers play an important role in ensuring the employees to wash their hands whenever necessary. The importance of washing hand does not apply only to employees of the hospitality industry but also to all of us. As said earlier, washing hands is the best defenses against all kinds of diseases as our hands are use for a lot of purposes including food consumption. In order for a disease free healthy living, always bear in mind the importance of hand washing and always practice good safety and hygiene starting from hand washing.

How can the company FX-Solutions Financial Services Ltd improve interna

Internal communication is essential for creating a refinement of transp arncy between management and employees, as well as among wholly employees. Quirke (2008) noted that the role of inseparable communication is to illuminate the connections between contrasting pieces of information (p. xv), and its trick is to provide employees with the information they need to do their job (p. xv). It includes both official communications, such as guidelines, policies, memos, etc. - and unofficial communication. there are three interdependent areas in the company FX-Solutions Financial work Ltd where problems occur and must be addressed in commit to advance the internal communicationCompanys culture and environment.Clear commentary of what needs to be communicated and by whom.Systems, which company creates to allow and support the internal communication.Let me state some examples of the communication starts within the company. Insufficiency in interdepartmental communication, people d o not communicate when required or do not communicate issues to the all co-workers whose job is related to this issue/change, which causes misunderstandings and mistakes that leads to decreased quality of provided services. Evident lack of appropriate downward communication, where employees are most of the time provided with either incomplete, modified or no information, what affects their everyday job. Therefore, the aim of this report is to present directions and solutions that should be implemented in order to strengthen and maintain an efficient lam of information inside the company.To array with, in order to establish good internal communication the beginning(a) step should be towards creating an open working environment which encourages smooth flow o... ...y using appropriate ways, it is essential for the company to constantly monitor the internal communication- by asking for feedback from employees, testing the information flow, or making regular comparison of previous evaluation with current ones. Works CitedGillis, T. L. (2011). The IABC Handbook of organizational Communication A guide to internal communication, public relations, marketing, and leadership (2nd ed.). Retrieved from Books24x7 magnetic variation database.Johnson, D. W., & Johnson, F.P. (1997). Joining Together Group Theory and Group Skills. Boston Allyn and Bacon.Quirke, B. (2008). reservation the Connections Using Internal Communication to Turn Strategy Into Action (2nd revise ed.). England Gower Publishing Ltd, p. xv.Peters, T. J., & Waterman, R. H. (1982). In Search of Excellence Lessons from Americas Best-run Companies. New York, US harpist & Row.

Databases Essays -- essays research papers

Databases in My OrganizationAbstractDatabases hasten been in usage since the early days of computing programs. An teaching technology run company, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as Getronics, not only utilizes selective informationbases for information and inscribe management, it earns revenue by providing database management function. Getronics physical exercises Microsoft SQL legion 2000 as its database softw are. The guests that contract Getronics for Information engineering services assert and depend on the accuracy and up-to-dateness of the database information that is stored. Databases pull up stakes continue to exist and expand as to a greater extent(prenominal) companies beget more of aware of the importance of eternize and data management. Databases keep been in use since the early days of computing programs. In prefatory terms, a database is a collection of information that can be substantially accessed, managed, and updated. (www.whatis.com) disregarding of the instance of information that is stored in a database, it is categorized and filed. And every type of business sector utilizes a database for information and record management. An Information engineering services company, such as Getronics, not only utilizes databases for information and record management, it earns revenue by providing database management services. Some of the other services that are provided by Getronics rely on a backend database that is integrated with a client confront coat. These databases go through tables that contain end user information such as predict numbers, employee numbers, and site addresses. As well as tables that intromit many action functions that directly connect with a client facing application. Getronics is a qualified Microsoft Partner therefore, Getronics uses Microsoft technology such as Microsoft SQL Server 2000. Microsoft SQL, or coordinate query language, is a standardized interactive and computer programming language for acquiring information from and updating a database. (www.whatis.com) Every application that is developed or purchased by Getronics uses a SQL database as its backend office application. This standard application allows for victimization teams to aspiration and implement applications and utilities that can integrate with single another. This type of design is intentional based on the type of services Getronics provides to its clients. &nbs... ...nformation. There is a human resources database, a phone database, network database, an casualty management administration database, and many more. If these databases could be consolidated and linked whence management of the systems could be reduced. Getronics has a many databases servers. If consolidated to one bounteous database cluster, then needless hardware could be decommissioned and enterprise licenses returned to the license pool. Also, Getronics could mend the database architecture by designing a similar and standard gram matical construction or commonplace schema for the data records. This would also improve the nutriment and management of the database servers. Regardless of the type of business, it is supported by a database or many databases. flush if the database is a paper based system of record, or it is organized by the most sophisticated, technically advanced software, it is a valuable fundamental fragment of the business. Databases will continue to exist and expand as more companies become more of aware of the importance of record and data management. Resourceshttp//whatis.techtarget.com/ Online Information Technology Encyclopedia, TechTarget Copyright 2005 Databases Essays -- essays research papers Databases in My OrganizationAbstractDatabases have been in use since the early days of computing programs. An Information Technology services company, such as Getronics, not only utilizes databases for information and record management, it earns revenue by providing database management services. Getronics uses Microsoft SQL Server 2000 as its database software. The clients that contract Getronics for Information Technology services rely and depend on the accuracy and currency of the database information that is stored. Databases will continue to exist and expand as more companies become more of aware of the importance of record and data management. Databases have been in use since the early days of computing programs. In basic terms, a database is a collection of information that can be easily accessed, managed, and updated. (www.whatis.com) Regardless of the type of information that is stored in a database, it is categorized and filed. And every type of business utilizes a database for information and record management. An Information Technology services company, such as Getronics, not only utilizes databases for information and record management, it earns revenue by providing database management services. Some of the other services that are provided b y Getronics rely on a backend database that is integrated with a client facing application. These databases have tables that contain end user information such as phone numbers, employee numbers, and site addresses. As well as tables that include many application functions that directly connect with a client facing application. Getronics is a certified Microsoft Partner therefore, Getronics uses Microsoft technology such as Microsoft SQL Server 2000. Microsoft SQL, or structured query language, is a standard interactive and programming language for getting information from and updating a database. (www.whatis.com) Every application that is developed or purchased by Getronics uses a SQL database as its backend office application. This standard application allows for development teams to design and implement applications and utilities that can integrate with one another. This type of design is intentional based on the type of services Getronics provides to its clients. &nbs... ...nfor mation. There is a human resources database, a phone database, network database, an incident management system database, and many more. If these databases could be consolidated and linked then management of the systems could be reduced. Getronics has a many databases servers. If consolidated to one large database cluster, then unnecessary hardware could be decommissioned and enterprise licenses returned to the license pool. Also, Getronics could improve the database architecture by designing a similar and standard structure or common schema for the data records. This would also improve the maintenance and management of the database servers. Regardless of the type of business, it is supported by a database or many databases. Even if the database is a paper based system of record, or it is organized by the most sophisticated, technically advanced software, it is a important fundamental piece of the business. Databases will continue to exist and expand as more companies become more of aware of the importance of record and data management. Resourceshttp//whatis.techtarget.com/ Online Information Technology Encyclopedia, TechTarget Copyright 2005

Beowulf and The Intent of Christians to Convert Pagans Into Christianit

Before England was the superpower it is known to be today, it was a small country inhabited by many a(prenominal) groups of race over time. First to England came the Celts, then the romans, and then the Anglo Saxons. The Anglo Saxons travelled to England from the northern countries of Germany Norway and Sweden. When they arrived, they brought their gods with them. The Anglo Saxons religion consisted of multiple gods and goddesses and their own ruling of Heaven and what it would be like. The Anglo Saxons also loved poetry, and they utilize it to keep track of the history of their people. Beowulf is an epic poem that was past level by the Anglo Saxons from generation to generation. The poem is infused with multiple elements of their pagan religion. However, when they immigrated to England and began to tell the recital of Beowulf, the local inhabitants began to listen and put their twist on it. Douglas Wilson states Through a heroic poem about pagans that never mentions Christ, B eowulf is the opposite of syncretistic compromise. It is compose to highlight the treachery as a way of support that disconcert these pagan societies from within, and the greed and plunder as a way of life that afflicted them from without (whether they were the marauders of the victims.) (30) In an attempt to convert the Anglo Saxons, the Christians of that time changed Beowulf and incorporated many elements of Christianity into the poem. By incorporating elements of Christianity such as portraying Grendel as a descending(prenominal) of Cain, mentioning the one true Gods name, and portraying the hero Beowulf as a Christ figure, the Roman Catholic Christians hoped to convert the Anglo Saxons to Christianity and instill in them the power and hope of the one true God. First, the Christian... ...nd phrases into the characters mouths, and relating the hero, Beowulf, to the Christian hero, the Nazarene Christ, the Roman Catholic Christians hoped to convert the pagans to Christianit y and lead them toward what they believed to be the one and only truth, Jesus Christ. Works CitedBeowulf. The Longman Anthology British Literature. Ed. David Damrosch and Kevin J. H. Dettmar. 4th ed. Vol. 1. innovative York Pearson Education, Inc., 2010. 36-107. Print. Bloom, Harold. Blooms Guides Beowulf. New York Infobase Publishing, 2008. Print.Fry, Donald. The Beowulf Poet. Englewood Cliffs Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968. Print. Streissguth, Thomas. Understanding Beowulf. Farmington Hills Lucent Books, 2004. Print.The MacArthur Study Bible. Ed. John MacArthur. Thomas Nelson, Inc., 2006. Print. Wilson, Douglas. The Anglo-Saxon Evangel. Touchstone. July/ high-minded (2007). 30-34. Web.

Poverty in Edith Whartons Ethan Frome Essay -- Ethan Frome Essays

Poverty in Edith Whartons Ethan FromePoverty is defined as deficiency, or inadequacy. It can be utilize to represent more than just the lack of money. Poverty is constant throughout the novel, Ethan Frome, by Edith Wharton. Poverty is evident in almost every region of Ethans behavior. First of all, obviously, Ethan lacked money. His farm squeezed out just enough money to time lag him and his household going. On page 133, Ethan is thinking of selling his property, but hence he remembers its condition... Farm and mill were mortgaged to the limit of their value, and even if she put in a purchaser- in itself an unlikely chance- it was doubtful if she could clear a megabyte dollars on the sale... it was only by incessant labor and personal command that he managed to draw a meager living from his land... The town in which he lived was also quite poor. It snowed most of the time, so it was a questioning area for agriculture. Another type of poverty evident in Ethans lif e was that he had little happiness. He was forced to quit his career to aide-de-camp his sick father. His father th...

An American :: essays research papers

What is an American?What does it mean to be "American?" What makes it "American?" And how does it make us "American?" American stands for the beliefs, the music, as well as the people that come from this great nation.The beliefs of this great nation speak every(prenominal) language. These beliefs stretch from the furthest reaches of Africa to the city life of New York. These beliefs are pride, freedom, and equality. American means to be proud. It means to stand up for what you believe in and to fight for it wholeheartedly. American besides means to have freedom, freedoms to do what you wish, to arrange your own religious ceremonies, customs, and beliefs. With these freedoms comes a responsibility, a responsibility to be accountable for your actions. Equality is the basis of American society. Before equality for all, there was thralldom. With this slavery came accounts of cruelty and disillusioned violence. Without help from first hand accounts of slaves such as Frederick Douglass and Harriet Tubman, we would have never emerged from this dark era in American history.American music is the envy of nations around the world. From Frank Sinatra to the Beatles, American music continues to commute and grow. American bands develop large masses of followers in nations of all different ethnic backgrounds. From Asia to Germany, American music continues to influence the music styles of the liberalization of the world.Proud American men and women joined the armed forces to serve the boorish that they love and protect. These people show what it means to be American. Just as the colonists fought the British for Independence, they risk their lives, for something they believe in and cherish. These same people also stand for exploration and discovery.

The Express Essay -- Biography, Ernie Davis

The biography I chose was The Express The Ernie Davis Story. Its somewhat an inspirational and heroic African American Football spieler. Robert C. Gallagher wrote this book. Ernie Davis passed away when he was except 23 years old from leukemia. (Gallagher, 151). Even though his life was defraud he treated others with dignity grace and compassion. The life he conduct made him a hero. He was considered by professionals in his field to be one of the best running backs ever. He was most famous for existence the first African American to win the Heisman trophy (Gallagher, 1).Davis was born, in forward-looking Salem, Pennsylvania on December 14, 1939 (Gallagher, 15). His parents were separated, and his father was killed in an auto fortuity before Davis was born. When Ernie was born his father was deceased and his mother struggled to raise Ernie. She put out that she could not take care of him on her own. When Ernie was about a year old his mother sent him to her parents home to li ve (Gallagher, 19).His grandparents, Willie and Elizabeth Davis had twelve children. Willie worked expectant as a coal miner and Elizabeth was a lady of the house who cared for the children. They raised all of the children including Ernie equally and with the same arrive of love. Ernie called his grandparents mom and papa because he was treated just like their other children. He learned to be generous and appreciative by living in a big family. His grandparents also taught Ernie to have a strong trusting, relationship with deity (Gallagher, 20).Ernie grew up playing with his older uncles. They spent a large amount of time together and he learned many great lessons about sports from them. When Ernie prepared to enter high school, his mother asked him to return to her. Ernie had a hard time ... ... and showed that he had less than a year to live (Gallagher, 124).Ernie went through chemotherapy and spent two months in and out of hospitals On October 4, 1962 his doctor ult imately explained the extent of his illness to him. He also told Davis he could continue to play football if his disease went into remission. Amazingly his leukemia went into remission. His coach made the difficult close to keep him on the sidelines (Gallagher, 151).Ernie never complained about his sickness. He remained hopeful that he could beat the disease and refused any pity offered by others. He was evermore gracious and he never complained to the people who helped him. In the end by and by all his struggles, on May 18, 1963, Ernie Davis passed away (Gallagher, 124). 160 Ernie was one of the finest football players, but more important the finest gentleman Ive ever know(Gallagher,167).